Living things thrive on the energy of current solar income. Everything can be designed to be disassembled and safely returned to the soil as biological nutrients, or re-utilized as high quality materials for new products as technical nutrients without contamination. In nature, the “waste” of one system becomes food for another. The book put forward a design framework characterized by three principles derived from nature:Įverything is a resource for something else. In their 2002 book Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things, architect William McDonough and chemist Michael Braungart presented an integration of design and science that provides enduring benefits for society from safe materials, water and energy in circular economies and eliminates the concept of waste.
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